Grammar - The study of the system and structure of language
Syntax - Sentence Structure
Morphology - Words
Discourse structure - The way in which texts are organised and sequenced
Pragmatics - the context of language
Word class - A group of words that fulfil the same kind of role and function in speech and writing
Lexical word classes - Have the most members and are open to new membership
Grammatical/closed word classes - Provide connections and cohesion between other words
Noun Phrase - groups of words entered around a noun that acts as the ‘head’ of the phrase
Nouns - naming words
pronouns - takes the place of a noun
concrete nouns - things you can touch
abstract nouns - concepts
Verbs - Either auxiliary or main. Main tell you the action auxiliary give extra info on the main verb.
Auxiliary can be subcategorised between the following:
Primary Auxiliary - Do, have and be
Modal auxiliary - Can, could, will, would, shall, should, must, may and might (have the ability to make a text more polite or more formal or emphasise something’s importance or add formality
Adjectives - describing words (describes an attribute of a noun)
Adverbs - words that describe how verbs are carried out (eg: quickly)
Iconic signs - a direct picture of the thing it represents (often simplified eg: male/female toilet sign)
Symbolic sign - Draw on association and are defined by cultural convention (eg: school logo)
Graphology - The features that contribute to the appearance of a text (eg: fonts, colours etc)
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